2-3 THE BIFA CONCEPT IN JING HAO’S BIFAJI: A BRIEF STUDY OF ITS CONTINUITY AND SIGNIFICANCE IN MOUNTAIN AND WATER PAINTING (PART II)
Author : Claudio D. Lucchi
Page Range : p.30-39
Affiliation : 广西艺术学院
Abstract
This second part of the study of the bifa (笔法) concept in Jing Hao’s Bifaji examines its universal character and its transmission. Rooted in the cosmology of the Daode Jing and the Huainanzi, in which the myriad things proceed from the One, bifa makes painting a re-enactment of cosmic creation. Discussing François Jullien’s remark that Chinese painters perpetuate rather than reinvent their tradition, the author argues that such repetition reflects the practice of absorbing the ancients (shifa guren) before contributing anew. Bifa is traced from Jing Hao, whose treatise parallels Liu Xie’s Wenxin Diaolong, to Shitao’s concept of the single brushstroke (yihua) and to Huang Binhong, for whom brush and ink (bimo) became the painter’s language and the vessel of emotion. The article then contrasts this continuity with Christian thought, which, by placing redemption and the Creator outside the world, fosters individualism and makes the brush merely a tool of expression. It concludes that bifa, with its dual philosophical and technical nature, has been handed down enriched yet essentially unchanged, and will continue to be developed by future generations of painters.
Keywords
bifa; Jing Hao; Huang Binhong; Shitao; transmission of tradition
摘要
本文为荆浩《笔法记》“笔法”概念研究的下篇,探讨其普遍性与传承。笔法根植于《道德经》与《淮南子》所阐述的宇宙观——万物皆由“一”化生——因而绘画成为对宇宙生成过程的再现。针对弗朗索瓦·于连(François Jullien)关于中国画家延续而非重塑传统的论断,作者指出,这种重复源于“师法古人”的实践,即在有所创新之前,须先吸收前人积累的遗产。文章梳理笔法的传承脉络:荆浩之论与刘勰《文心雕龙》相通;石涛以“一画”之说加以发展;至黄宾虹,笔墨更成为画家的语言与情感的载体。文章进而将这种连续性与基督教思想相对照:后者将救赎与造物主置于世界之外,由此催生个人主义,使画笔仅成为表达思想的工具。作者总结认为,笔法兼具哲学与技术的双重性,代代相传,日益丰富而本质未变,并将继续由今后的画家加以发展。
关键词
笔法; 荆浩; 黄宾虹; 石涛; 传统的传承
